Journal
ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
Volume 302, Issue -, Pages 249-258Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2019.02.016
Keywords
Li-ion battery; Silicon anode; Operando optical microscopy; AFM; Lithiation mechanism; Amorphous silicon
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Funding
- Delegation Generale de l'Armement (DGA)
- French National Research Agency (ANR) as part of the Investissements d'Avenir program (Labex Charmmmat) [ANR-11-LABX-0039]
- Fondation de l'Ecole Polytechnique
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Operando color microscopy and ex situ AFM were used to investigate the lithiation process in pure (a-Si:H) and methylated (a-Si1-x(CH3)(x):H) amorphous silicon thin layers. Color analysis of optical images allows for monitoring thickness changes of a-Si: H layers. Unlike pure a-Si:H, the first lithiation of a-Si1-x(CH3)(x):H is found to be spatially non-uniform: lithiation starts at a limited number of locations then expands radially, forming circular lithiation spots. The morphology of the lithiation spots and their evolution is accurately measured by ex situ AFM. A mechanism is proposed to explain this phenomenon, involving the high resistivity of methylated silicon and the existence of low-resistance point defects. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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