Journal
CHEMOSPHERE
Volume 223, Issue -, Pages 668-674Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.02.104
Keywords
Anaerobic ammonium oxidation; Start-up time; Hydrazine; Heme C; Nitrous oxide gas
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Funding
- Universiti Sains Malaysia via Research University Grant (RUI) scheme [1001/PJKIMIA/8014066]
- Ministry of Higher Education Malaysia
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Hydrazine is an intermediate product of the anaerobic ammonium oxidation (Anammox) process where both ammonium and nitrite in wastewater are converted to nitrogen gas by bacteria. In this study the effect of external hydrazine addition (5, 10, 15, and 20 mg/L) on the start-up period of the Anammox process was studied using sequencing batch reactors (SBRs). The SBR with an addition of 10 mg/L hydrazine took only 7 weeks to stabilize and achieve the maximum removal of ammonium and nitrite, whereas the SBR without the addition of hydrazine took 12 weeks. The amount of Heme C extracted from the biomass indicated that externally added hydrazine accelerated the growth of Anammox bacteria and reduced the release of nitrous oxide gas from the reactors. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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