Journal
CARDIOVASCULAR TOXICOLOGY
Volume 19, Issue 5, Pages 441-450Publisher
HUMANA PRESS INC
DOI: 10.1007/s12012-019-09516-x
Keywords
Electronic cigarettes; ENDS; Arterial stiffness; Pulse wave velocity; Augmentation index; IOS; e-Cig
Categories
Funding
- Swedish Heart and Lung Association
- Swedish Society of Medicine
- Swedish Heart-Lung Foundation
- Stockholm County Council (ALF project)
- Karolinska Institutet
- Stockholm County Council
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The use of electronic cigarettes has increased exponentially since its introduction onto the global market in 2006. However, short- and long-term health effects remain largely unknown due to the novelty of this product. The present study examines the acute effects of e-cigarette aerosol inhalation, with and without nicotine, on vascular and pulmonary function in healthy volunteers. Seventeen healthy subjects inhaled electronic cigarette aerosol with and without nicotine on two separate occasions in a double-blinded crossover fashion. Blood pressure, heart rate, and arterial stiffness measured by pulse wave velocity and pulse wave analysis were assessed at baseline, and then at 0 h, 2 h, and 4 h following exposure. Dynamic spirometry and impulse oscillometry were measured following vascular assessments at these time points, as well as at 6 h following exposure. e-Cigarette aerosol with nicotine caused a significant increase in heart rate and arterial stiffness. Furthermore, e-cigarette aerosol-containing nicotine caused a sudden increase in flow resistance as measured by impulse oscillometry, indicating obstruction of the conducting airways. Both aerosols caused an increase in blood pressure. The present study indicates that inhaled e-cigarette aerosol with nicotine has an acute impact on vascular and pulmonary function. Thus, chronic usage may lead to long-term adverse health effects. Further investigation is warranted.
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