Journal
APPLIED CATALYSIS A-GENERAL
Volume 581, Issue -, Pages 133-142Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.apcata.2019.05.027
Keywords
Epoxidation; Hydrogen peroxide; Heterogeneous catalyst; Tungsten-silica catalyst; Tungstenocene dichloride; Alkenes; XAS
Categories
Funding
- U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-76SF00515]
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Tungstenocene(IV) dichloride was successfully deposited and grafted on the surface of a commercially-available non-ordered silica support via either a liquid-phase or a dry impregnation approach. After a high-temperature calcination step, two W(VI)-grafted silica catalysts, with a metal loading around 1.2-1.7 wt.%, were obtained. They were fully characterized by physisorption and spectroscopic techniques, which evidenced well-dispersed tungsten oxide polyoxo cluster sites, for the catalyst prepared via liquid-phase grafting, and evenly dispersed larger monoclinic tungsten(VI) oxide aggregates, for the catalyst prepared via dry impregnation, respectively. Both W/SiO2 solids showed moderate to good conversion values in the epoxidation of (R)-( +)-limonene and methyl oleate (up to 68%), in the presence of aqueous hydrogen peroxide, with good selectivity to the desired epoxides (63% and 78%, respectively). The heterogeneous character of the most interesting W/SiO2 catalyst prepared via dry impregnation was confirmed by a hot centrifugation test and by an extended recovery and reuse of the solid in six catalytic runs.
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