Modeling grain boundary segregation by prediction of all the necessary parameters

A thermodynamic model of equilibrium grain boundary segregation in real binary systems is proposed which is based on the prediction of all the necessary parameters. These parameters are (i) the standard enthalpy and (ii) the standard entropy of grain boundary segregation, both related to ideal behavior, as well as (iii) the Fowler binary interaction coefficient describing the real contribution. Application of the model is shown in detail for the example of iron-based binary systems and predictions are compared to data published in the literature. (C) 2019 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.