Journal
ACTA CYTOLOGICA
Volume 63, Issue 6, Pages 449-455Publisher
KARGER
DOI: 10.1159/000499337
Keywords
Liquid biopsy; Cancer; Biomarkers; Circulating cell-free DNA; Circulating tumor DNA; Circulating tumor cells
Categories
Funding
- Ministere de l'Enseignement Superieur et de la Recherche
- Universite Paris-Descartes
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, the Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale, the Institut National du Cancer
- Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR Nanobiotechnologies) [ANR-10-NANO-0002-09]
- SIRIC CARPEM
- ligue nationale contre le cancer (LNCC, Program Equipe labelisee LIGUE) [EL2016.LNCC/VaT]
- Fondation pour la recherche medicale (FRM)
- ANRT/Biomnis-Eurofins
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Liquid biopsy provides the opportunity of detecting, analyzing and monitoring cancer in various body effluents such as blood or urine instead of a fragment of cancer tissue. It is composed of different biological matrices such as circulating tumor cells (CTCs), cell free nucleic acids, exosomes or tumors educated platelets. In addition to representing a non- or minimally invasive procedure, it should represent a better view of tumor heterogeneity and allows for real-time monitoring of cancer evolution. Recent technological and molecular advances, greatly facilitated by the use of microfluidics in many cases, have permitted large progresses both in our ability to purify and analyze liquid biopsy components. In particular, the great developments of droplet-based digital PCR and the various optimizations of next generation sequencing technologies are central to the several validations of CTC-free DNA as a strong cancer biomarker. However, complete adoption of liquid biopsy in clinics will require pursuing recent efforts in the standardization of procedures both on the pre-analytical and analytical aspects.
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