Journal
ACS NANO
Volume 13, Issue 6, Pages 7100-7106Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b02425
Keywords
metasurfaces; dynamic functionalities; vector beams; vortex beams; optical communications
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Funding
- Sofja Kovalevskaja grant from the Alexander von Humboldt-Foundation
- Grassroots Grant from the Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems
- European Research Council
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Singular beams have attracted great attention due to their optical properties and broad applications from light manipulation to optical communications. However, there has been a lack of practical schemes with which to achieve switchable singular beams with sub-wavelength resolution using ultrathin and flat optical devices. In this work, we demonstrate the generation of switchable vector and vortex beams utilizing dynamic metasurfaces at visible frequencies. The dynamic functionality of the metasurface pixels is enabled by the utilization of magnesium nanorods, which possess plasmonic reconfigurability upon hydrogenation and dehydrogenation. We show that switchable vector beams of different polarization states and switchable vortex beams of different topological charges can be implemented through simple hydrogenation and dehydrogenation of the same metasurfaces. Furthermore, we demonstrate a two-cascade metasurface scheme for holographic pattern switching, taking inspiration from orbital angular momentum-shift keying. Our work provides an additional degree of freedom to develop high-security optical elements for anti-counterfeiting applications.
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