4.8 Article

High-Energy and High-Power Nonaqueous Lithium-Ion Capacitors Based on Polypyrrole/Carbon Nanotube Composites as Pseudocapacitive Cathodes

Journal

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
Volume 11, Issue 17, Pages 15646-15655

Publisher

AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b02781

Keywords

lithium ion capacitors; non-aqueous; polypyrrole; carbon nanotube; pseudocapacitance

Funding

  1. National Nature Science Foundation of China [51571144, 51872157]
  2. Local Innovative and Research Teams Project of Guangdong Pearl River Talents Program [2017BT01N111]
  3. Australian Research Council through the ARC Discovery Projects [DP160104340, DP170100436]

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The energy density of present lithium-ion capacitors (LICs) is greatly hindered by the limited specific capacities of porous carbon electrodes. Herein, we report the development of a nonaqueous LIC system by integrating two reversible electrode processes, that is, anion doping/undoping in a core-shell structured polypyrrole/carbon nanotube (Ppy@CNT) composite cathode and Li+ intercalation/deintercalation in a Fe3O4@carbon (C) anode. The hybrid Ppy@CNT is utilized as a promising pseudocapacitive cathode for nonaqueous LIC applications. The Ppy provides high pseudocapacitance via the doping/undoping reaction with PF6- anions. Meanwhile, the CNT backbone significantly enhances the electrical conductivity. The as-developed composite delivers noteworthy capacities with exceptional stability (98.7 mA h g(-1) at 0.1 A g(-1) and retains 89.7% after cycling at 3 A g(-1) for 1000 times in Li-half cell), which outperforms state-of-art porous carbon cathodes in present LICs. Furthermore, when paired with Fe3O4@C anodes, the as-developed LICs demonstrate a superior energy density of 101.0 W h kg(-1) at 2709 W kg(-1) and still maintain 70 W h kg(-1) at an increased power density of 17 186 W kg(-1). The findings of this work provides new knowledge on the cathode materials for LICs.

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