Journal
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
Volume 11, Issue 22, Pages 20325-20332Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b02357
Keywords
metal-organic framework; flame retardancy; hybridization of MOF and polymers; open metal site; porous coordination polymer; unsaturated polyester
Funding
- European Union [705365]
- Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness [RYC-2013-13949]
- Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
- Marie Curie Actions (MSCA) [705365] Funding Source: Marie Curie Actions (MSCA)
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Flame-retardant (FR) additives are commonly used to improve the fire safety of synthetic polymers, which are widely employed in manufactured consumer goods. Incorporation of an FR in a polymer typically leads to deterioration of its mechanical properties. It also manifests itself in non-negligible volatile organic compound (VOC) release, which in turn increases environmental risks carried by both the application and disposal of the corresponding consumer goods. Herein, we present a hierarchical strategy for the design of composite materials, which ensures simultaneous improvement of both mechanical and fire-safety properties of polymers while limiting the VOC release. Our strategy employs porous metal-organic framework (MOF) particles to provide a multifunctional interface between the FR molecules and the polymer. Specifically, we demonstrate that the particles of environmentally friendly HKUST-1 MOF can be infused by a modern FR-dimethyl methylphosphonate (DMMP)-and then embedded into widely used unsaturated polyesters. The DMMP-HKUST-1 additive endows the resulting composite material with improved processability, flame retardancy, and mechanical properties. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, and computational modeling of the additive suggest the complete pore filling of HKUST-1 with DMMP molecules being bound to the open metal sites of the MOF.
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