Journal
PHARMACEUTICS
Volume 11, Issue 3, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11030117
Keywords
alveolar bone; biomineralization; osteoblast; osteogenesis; scaffold; silicon; silicates; stem cells; tissue engineering
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Funding
- BMBF project, Hybrid-KEM [FKZ 13FH569IX6]
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Bioinspired stem cell-based hard tissue engineering includes numerous aspects: The synthesis and fabrication of appropriate scaffold materials, their analytical characterization, and guided osteogenesis using the sustained release of osteoinducing and/or osteoconducting drugs for mesenchymal stem cell differentiation, growth, and proliferation. Here, the effect of silicon- and silicate-containing materials on osteogenesis at the molecular level has been a particular focus within the last decade. This review summarizes recently published scientific results, including material developments and analysis, with a special focus on silicon hybrid bone composites. First, the sources, bioavailability, and functions of silicon on various tissues are discussed. The second focus is on the effects of calcium-silicate biomineralization and corresponding analytical methods in investigating osteogenesis and bone formation. Finally, recent developments in the manufacturing of Si-containing scaffolds are discussed, including in vitro and in vivo studies, as well as recently filed patents that focus on the influence of silicon on hard tissue formation.
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