4.8 Review

DNA Nanotechnology Enters Cell Membranes

Journal

ADVANCED SCIENCE
Volume 6, Issue 10, Pages -

Publisher

WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/advs.201900043

Keywords

DNA amphiphiles; membranes; nanopores; nanostructures; vesicles

Funding

  1. European Union (European Research Council Advanced Grant SUPRABIOTICS) [694610]
  2. China Scholarship Council
  3. The Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (Vidi grant) [723.015.002]
  4. European Research Council (ERC) [694610] Funding Source: European Research Council (ERC)

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DNA is more than a carrier of genetic information: It is a highly versatile structural motif for the assembly of nanostructures, giving rise to a wide range of functionalities. In this regard, the structure programmability is the main advantage of DNA over peptides, proteins, and small molecules. DNA amphiphiles, in which DNA is covalently bound to synthetic hydrophobic moieties, allow interactions of DNA nanostructures with artificial lipid bilayers and cell membranes. These structures have seen rapid growth with great potential for medical applications. In this Review, the current state of the art of the synthesis of DNA amphiphiles and their assembly into nanostructures are first summarized. Next, an overview on the interaction of these DNA amphiphiles with membranes is provided, detailing on the driving forces and the stability of the interaction. Moreover, the interaction with cell surfaces in respect to therapeutics, biological sensing, and cell membrane engineering is highlighted. Finally, the challenges and an outlook on this promising class of DNA hybrid materials are discussed.

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