Journal
PHYSICAL REVIEW APPLIED
Volume 11, Issue 2, Pages -Publisher
AMER PHYSICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevApplied.11.024074
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We report that metamaterial-inspired one-dimensional gratings (or metagratings) can be used to control nonpropagating diffraction orders as well as propagating ones. By accurate engineering of the near field, it becomes possible to satisfy power-conservation conditions and achieve perfect control over all propagating diffraction orders with passive and lossless metagratings. We show that each propagating diffraction order requires 2 degrees of freedom represented by passive and lossless loaded thin wires. This provides a solution to the old problem of power management between diffraction orders created by a grating. The theory developed is verified by both three-dimensional full-wave numerical simulations and experimental measurements, and can be readily applied to the design of wavefront-manipulation devices over the entire electromagnetic spectrum as well as in different fields of physics.
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