Journal
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
Volume 10, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00033
Keywords
Nrf2; dietary energy restriction; high-fat diet; aging; Alzheimer's disease; Parkinson's disease; multiple sclerosis; cerebral ischemia
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Funding
- Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP) [2012/24727-4, 2016/07427-8]
- Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq) [160570/2012-3]
- University of Sao Paulo (USP)
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Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) regulates the expression of an array of enzymes with important detoxifying and antioxidant functions. Current findings support the role of high levels of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of neurological disorders. Given the central role played by Nrf2 in counteracting oxidative damage, a number of studies have targeted the modulation of this transcription factor in order to confer neuroprotection. Nrf2 activity is tightly regulated by oxidative stress and energy-based stimuli. Thus, many dietary interventions based on energy intake regulation, such as dietary energy restriction (DER) or high-fat diet (HFD), modulate Nrf2 with consequences for a variety of cellular processes that affect brain health. DER, by either restricting calorie intake or meal frequency, activates Nrf2 thereby triggering its protective effects, whilst HFD inhibit this pathway, thereby exacerbating oxidative stress. Consequently, DER protocols can be valuable strategies in the management of central nervous system (CNS) disorders. Herein, we review current knowledge of the role of Nrf2 signaling in neurological diseases, namely Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis and cerebral ischemia, as well as the potential of energy (i)ntake regulation in the management of Nrf2 signaling.
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