Journal
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
Volume 55, Issue 49, Pages 15310-15314Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/anie.201608607
Keywords
electrochemistry; energy storage; molecular dynamics; Raman spectroscopy; sodium-oxygen batteries
Categories
Funding
- National Science Foundation [IIP-1542995]
- LCRC Fusion and Blues Cluster at Argonne National Laboratory
- U.S. Department of Energy from the Vehicle Technologies Office, Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
- Div Of Industrial Innovation & Partnersh
- Directorate For Engineering [1542995] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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Alkali metal-oxygen batteries are of great interests for energy storage because of their unparalleled theoretical energy densities. Particularly attractive is the emerging Na-O-2 battery because of the formation of superoxide as the discharge product. Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is a promising solvent for this battery but its instability towards Na makes it impractical in the Na-O-2 battery. Herein we report the enhanced stability of Na in DMSO solutions containing concentrated sodium trifluoromethanesulfonimide (NaTFSI) salts (>3molkg(-1)). Raman spectra of NaTFSI/DMSO electrolytes and abinitio molecular dynamics simulation reveal the Na+ solvation number in DMSO and the formation of Na(DMSO)(3)(TFSI)-like solvation structure. The majority of DMSO molecules solvating Na+ in concentrated solutions reduces the available free DMSO molecules that can react with Na and renders the TFSI anion decomposition, which protects Na from reacting with the electrolyte. Using these concentrated electrolytes, Na-O-2 batteries can be cycled forming sodium superoxide (NaO2) as the sole discharge product with improved long cycle life, highlighting the beneficial role of concentrated electrolytes for Na-based batteries.
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