Journal
MATERIALS
Volume 12, Issue 3, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/ma12030427
Keywords
ion implantation; Cronidur30 steel; nanohardness; nanostructure; friction
Categories
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [51605247]
- China Postdoctoral Science Foundation [2016M601008, 2017T100069]
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In this study, Ti + N ion implantation was used as a surface modification method for surface hardening and friction-reducing properties of Cronidur30 bearing steel. The structural modification and newly-formed ceramic phases induced by the ion implantation processes were investigated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and grazing incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXRD). The mechanical properties of the samples were tested by nanoindentation and friction experiments. The surface nanohardness was also improved significantly, changing from similar to 10.5 GPa (pristine substrate) to similar to 14.2 GPa (Ti + N implanted sample). The friction coefficient of Ti + N ion implanted samples was greatly reduced before failure, which is less than one third of pristine samples. Furthermore, the TEM analyses confirmed a trilamellar structure at the near-surface region, in which amorphous/ceramic nanocrystalline phases were embedded into the implanted layers. The combined structural modification and hardening ceramic phases played a crucial role in improving surface properties, and the variations in these two factors determined the differences in the mechanical properties of the samples.
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