Journal
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
Volume 13, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2019.00063
Keywords
microglia; astrocytes; neurodegeneration; synapse loss; E/I imbalance
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Funding
- University of Lausanne
- University of Edinburgh
- Edinburgh Neuroscience
- UK Dementia Research Institute
- Alzheimer's Research UK
- Alzheimer's Society
- Medical Research Council
- European Research Council [804949]
- MND Scotland
- European Research Council (ERC) [804949] Funding Source: European Research Council (ERC)
- MRC [1978756] Funding Source: UKRI
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Synapse loss is an early feature shared by many neurodegenerative diseases, and it represents the major correlate of cognitive impairment. Recent studies reveal that microglia and astrocytes play a major role in synapse elimination, contributing to network dysfunction associated with neurodegeneration. Excitatory and inhibitory activity can be affected by glia-mediated synapse loss, resulting in imbalanced synaptic transmission and subsequent synaptic dysfunction. Here, we review the recent literature on the contribution of glia to excitatory/inhibitory imbalance, in the context of the most common neurodegenerative disorders. A better understanding of the mechanisms underlying pathological synapse loss will be instrumental to design targeted therapeutic interventions, taking in account the emerging roles of microglia and astrocytes in synapse remodeling.
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