Journal
WATER AIR AND SOIL POLLUTION
Volume 230, Issue 4, Pages -Publisher
SPRINGER INTERNATIONAL PUBLISHING AG
DOI: 10.1007/s11270-019-4135-8
Keywords
Biochar; Modification; Adsorption; Cd(II); Mechanism
Funding
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [185206002, 201809706019]
- Science and Technology Infrastructure Program of Hubei Province of China [2015BCA304]
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In this study, adsorption experiments on Cd(II) ions in aqueous solution by biochars pyrolyzed from millet bran (MBBC) at 400 similar to 800 degrees C were carried out and MBBC had superior adsorption performance at pyrolysis temperature of 600 similar to 800 degrees C. Then, biochars were modified by potassium permanganate (MBBC-PP), potassium ferrate (MBBC-PF), and citric acid (MBBC-CA). The results showed that the adsorption capacities of these adsorbents were in the order: MBBC-PP > MBBC-PF > MBBC-CA > MBBC. FT-IR, XRD, and Raman were used to determine the characteristics of biochars and explore the main adsorption mechanism causing by modification. These characterizations confirmed that manganese oxide and iron oxide particles were loaded on the surface of MBBC-PP and MBBC-PF, respectively. For MBBC-PP and MBBC-PF, the adsorption sites generated by the loaded metal oxides play more important role than other factors in Cd(II) adsorption. For MBBC-CA, surface functional groups were the main contributor during Cd(II) adsorption. Batch adsorption experiments demonstrate a Langmuir model fit for Cd(II). The sorption kinetics of Cd(II) on adsorbents follows pseudo-second-order kinetics. Modified biochars, especially the one modified by KMnO4, could act as effective alternatives to enhance heavy metals removal from aqueous solutions.
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