Journal
VIROLOGY
Volume 529, Issue -, Pages 169-176Publisher
ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2019.01.025
Keywords
Coxsackievirus; MicroRNA; Vesicles; Apoptosis
Categories
Funding
- National Institutes of Health [P01 HL112730, T32 HL116273, KL2 TR001882]
- Myocarditis Foundation
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Coxsackievirus B is a significant human pathogen and is a leading cause of myocarditis. We and others have observed that certain enteroviruses including coxsackievirus B cause infected cells to shed extracellular vesicles containing infectious virus. Recent reports have shown that vesicle-bound virus can infect more efficiently than free virus. Though microRNAs are differentially regulated in cells following infection, few have been associated with the vesicles shed from infected cells. Here we report exclusive trafficking of specific microRNAs into viral vesicles compared to vesicles from non-infected cells. We found that the most highly-expressed unique microRNA in viral vesicles was miR-590-5p, which facilitates prolonged viral replication by blocking apoptotic factors. Cells over-expressing this miR were significantly more susceptible to infection. This may be a mechanism by which coxsackievirus B boosts subsequent rounds of infection by co-packaging virus and a select set of pro viral microRNAs in extracellular vesicles.
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