Journal
ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY
Volume 45, Issue 5, Pages 1044-1055Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2019.01.002
Keywords
Ultrasonic cleaning; Biofilm removal; Biofilm cavitation; Biofilm disruption
Funding
- Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council [EP/P015743/1]
- EPSRC [EP/P015743/1] Funding Source: UKRI
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Bacterial biofilms are a cause of contamination in a wide range of medical and biological areas. Ultrasound is a mechanical energy that can remove these biofilms using cavitation and acoustic streaming, which generate shear forces to disrupt biofilm from a surface. The aim of this narrative review is to investigate the literature on the mechanical removal of biofilm using acoustic cavitation to identify the different operating parameters affecting its removal using this method. The properties of the liquid and the properties of the ultrasound have a large impact on the type of cavitation generated. These include gas content, temperature, surface tension, frequency of ultrasound and acoustic pressure. For many of these parameters, more research is required to understand their mechanisms in the area of ultrasonic biofilm removal, and further research will help to optimise this method for effective removal of biofilms from different surfaces. (C) 2019 World Federation for Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology. All rights reserved.
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