Journal
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
Volume 650, Issue -, Pages 1599-1612Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.08.336
Keywords
Contaminants of emerging concern - passive sampling; In vitro bioassay - endocrine disruption; Hazard profiling - water quality monitoring
Categories
Funding
- EDA-EMERGE project (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-ITN) [290100]
- SOLUTIONS project - European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7) [603437]
- NATO ESP.EAP.SFP [984073]
- Canada Research Chair program
- 2012 High Level Foreign Experts program - State Administration of Foreign Experts Affairs, the P.R. China [GDT20143200016]
- Einstein Professor Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and a Distinguished Visiting Professorship in the School of Biological Sciences of the University of Hong Kong
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Complex mixtures of contaminants from multiple sources, including agriculture, industry or wastewater enter aquatic environments and might pose hazards or risks to humans or wildlife. Targeted analyses of a few priority substances provide limited information about water quality. In this study, a combined chemical and effect screening of water quality in the River Bosna, in Bosnia and Herzegovina was carried out, with focus on occurrence and effects of contaminants of emerging concern. Chemicals in water were sampled at 10 sites along the Bosna River by use of passive sampling. The combination of semipermeable membrane devices (SPMDs) and polar organic chemical integrative samplers (POCIS) enabled sampling of a broad range of contaminants from hydrophobic (PAHs, PCBs, OCPs) to hydrophilic compounds (pesticides, pharmaceuticals and hormones), which were determined by use of GC-MS and LC-MS (MS). In vitro, cell-based bioassays were applied to assess (anti) androgenic, estrogenic and dioxin-like potencies of extracts of the samplers. Of a total of 168 targeted compounds, 107 were detected at least once. Cumulative pollutant concentrations decreased downstream from the city of Sarajevo, which was identified as the major source of organic pollutants in the area. Responses in all bioassays were observed for samples from all sites. In general, estrogenicity could be well explained by analysis of target estrogens, while the drivers of the other observed effects remained largely unknown. Profiling of hazard quotients identified two sites downstream of Sarajevo as hotspots of biological potency. Risk assessment of detected compounds revealed, that 7 compounds (diazinon, diclofenac, 17 beta-estradiol, estrone, benzo[k] fluoranthene, fluoranthene and benzo[k] fluoranthene) might pose risks to aquatic biota in the Bosna River. The study brings unique results of a complex water quality assessment in a region with an insufficient water treatment infrastructure. (C) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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