Applicability of Iron (III) Trimesic (Fe-BTC) to Enhance Lignin Separation from Pulp and Paper Wastewater

This study assesses the application of iron (III) trimesic (Fe-BTC) as a coagulant-flocculant to remove lignin from pulp and paper (P&P) wastewater. In this research, Fe-BTC was characterized by X-ray diffraction (xRD), while the functional groups of Fe-BTC and lignin were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) determined the surface morphology of the material. The influential parameters affecting lignin removal included the initial lignin concentration, the quantity of Fe-BTC, and the pH which were investigated using a single batch mixing system. The experimental and optimum operational conditions were determined using Box-Behnken design (BBD). Fe-BTC dosage plays a major role in efficiently removing lignin, while the pH and initial lignin concentration had no sign cant effect. Greater than 80% removal efficiency could be achieved with a Fe-mc dosage as low as 2 g/L. The proposed mechanism of lignin aggregation was that Fe molecules were released from unsaturated sites of Fe-BTC and then formed new bonds with 0 in the methoxy lignin group. The interaction between Fe-BTC and lignin was pi-pi stacking (benzene ring), which explains the formation of F-O bonds in the lignin sludge.