Journal
NEUROTOXICOLOGY
Volume 71, Issue -, Pages 31-38Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2018.12.001
Keywords
Bisphenol F; GnRH; Endocrine disruption; Estradiol; Zebrafish; Development
Categories
Funding
- NSF [1253126]
- Direct For Biological Sciences
- Division Of Integrative Organismal Systems [1253126] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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Gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons in the brain are the main controllers of reproduction and reproductive behavior in most vertebrates, and are susceptible to endocrine disruption by different bisphenols. While the endocrine disrupting properties of bisphenol A have been well documented, commonly used analogues such as bisphenol F (BPF) are not as well studied. In this study we examined the effects of early, low-dose, chronic BPF exposure on the development of the GnRH neural system in the zebrafish embryo. Using a transgenic zebrafish model system with GnRH3 neurons tagged with green fluorescent protein (GFP), developing GnRH neurons in both the terminal nerve (TN) and preoptic area (POA) were observed. These are neuronal populations with the former associated with allied reproductive behaviors and the latter associated with pituitary-gonadal axis control. Embryos were exposed in vitro to 0.25, 0.5 and 1 mu M BPF from fertilization to 3 days post fertilization (dpf). At 0.25 mu M BPF exposure, both POA- and TN-GnRH3 neurons showed significant reductions in neural area at 2 dpf that did not persist to 3 dpf. The higher BPF doses did not show neuron size differences at 2 dpf, but showed reduction in TN-GnRH3 neuron area at 3 dpf. These effects of BPF were closely mimicked by different doses of estradiol. An estrogen antagonist, ICI, mitigated BPF effects on the embryo. This is the first study to show that BPF affects the developing GnRH neural system via an estrogen-mediated pathway.
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