Journal
NATURE PROTOCOLS
Volume 14, Issue 3, Pages 921-954Publisher
NATURE PORTFOLIO
DOI: 10.1038/s41596-018-0121-7
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Funding
- European Research Council (ERC) under European Union [758653]
- Swiss National Science Foundation [PYAPP2_ 154281]
- Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne
- Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF) [PYAPP2_154281] Funding Source: Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF)
- European Research Council (ERC) [758653] Funding Source: European Research Council (ERC)
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Lignin is one of the most promising sources of renewable aromatic hydrocarbons. Current methods for its extraction from lignocellulosic biomass-which include the kraft, sulfite, and organosolv processes-result in the rapid formation of carbon-carbon bonds, leading to a condensed lignin that cannot be effectively depolymerized into its constituent monomers. Treatment of lignocellulosic biomass with aldehydes during lignin extraction generates an aldehyde-stabilized lignin that is uncondensed and can be converted into its monomers at near-theoretical yields. Here, we outline an efficient, reproducible, and scalable process for extracting and purifying this aldehyde-stabilized lignin as a solid, which can easily be re-dissolved in an organic solvent. Upon exposure to hydrogenolysis conditions, this material provides near-theoretical yields of aromatic monomers (similar to 40-50% of the Klason lignin for a typical hardwood). Cellulose and hemicellulose are also efficiently fractionated. This protocol requires 6-7 h for the extraction of the stabilized lignin and a basic proficiency in synthetic chemistry.
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