Liquid bridge induced assembly (LBIA) strategy: Controllable one-dimensional patterning from small molecules to macromolecules and nanomaterials

One-dimensional (1D) assemblies/structures of functional nanomaterials are able to directionally transport electrons, excitons, photons or phonons, and gather scientists' attentions due to their potential applications in diverse fields. However, overlapped, crosslinking or other randomly dispersed 1D assemblies/structures appear after the solution process, which greatly restricts their practical device applications. In this Review, recent progresses in precisely positioning 1D patterning, from small molecules to macromolecules and nanomaterials, through a liquid bridge induced assembly (LBIA) strategy have been summarized. The keys to tailor the location, as well as the structure of as-prepared 1D assembles are discussed. Then, a rule for the selection of materials in the LBIA strategy has been proposed. Finally, some representative device applications of 1D assembles are demonstrated. It is believed that ordered 1D assemblies/structures of functional nanomaterials through the LBIA process will offer new opportunities that might favor different application fields. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.