Journal
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
Volume 78, Issue 1, Pages 38-48Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2014.10.026
Keywords
Affective disorders; Coping; Inflammation; Interleukin 1 beta; Social defeat; Susceptibility
Categories
Funding
- National Institutes of Health [MH058250, MH040008, 5P20GM103641]
- Brain and Behavior Research Foundation [17830]
- American Heart Association [13BGIA14370026]
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BACKGROUND: Coping strategy impacts susceptibility to psychosocial stress. The locus coeruleus (LC) and dorsal raphe (DR) are monoamine nuclei implicated in stress-related disorders. Our goal was to identify genes in these nuclei that distinguish active and passive coping strategies in response to social stress. METHODS: Rats were exposed to repeated resident-intruder stress and coping strategy determined. Gene and protein expression in the LC and DR were determined by polymerase chain reaction array and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and compared between active and passive stress-coping and unstressed rats. The effect of daily interleukin (IL)-1 receptor antagonist before stress on anhedonia was also determined. RESULTS: Rats exhibited passive or active coping strategies based on a short latency (SL) or longer latency (LL) to assume a defeat posture, respectively. Stress differentially regulated 19 and 26 genes in the LC and DR of SL and LL rats, respectively, many of which encoded for inflammatory factors. Notably, Il-1 beta was increased in SL and decreased in LL rats in both the LC and DR. Protein changes were generally consistent with a proinflammatory response to stress in SL rats selectively. Stress produced anhedonia selectively in SL rats and this was prevented by IL-1 receptor antagonist, consistent with a role for IL-1 beta in stress vulnerability. CONCLUSIONS: This study highlighted distinctions in gene expression related to coping strategy in response to social stress. Passive coping was associated with a bias toward proinflammatory processes, particularly IL-1 beta, whereas active coping and resistance to stress-related pathology was associated with suppression of inflammatory processes.
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