Fabrication of hole-transport-free perovskite solar cells using 5-ammonium valeric acid iodide as additive and carbon as counter electrode

Perovskite solar cell (PSC) was fabricated in ambient atmospheric conditions with carbon as counter electrode (CE). 5-Ammonium valeric acid iodide (5-AVAI) cation was synthesized and used as an additive in the perovskite precursor. The light absorber, perovskite precursor was infiltrated on to the TiO2/ZrO2/Carbon layer and annealed at 60 degrees C for 30 min. The perovskite layer was characterized by Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, Photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy, and optical microscope analysis. The carbon perovskite solar cell was characterized by Photocurrent-Voltage (J-V) measurement and Incident Photon to Current Conversion Efficiency (IPCE) measurement. The device power conversion efficiency of the perovskite solar cell was found to be 6.6% with an active area of 0.25 cm(2). The lifetime of electron injection is found to be 2.5 ms, which is noticed from, bode plot. From electrochemical impedance spectrum, lower charge transport resistance (R-ct) is observed at the interface of perovskite/carbon CE. The shelf-life of the device was investigated under ambient condition and its performance remains over similar to 90% even after 75 days. This triple layer device architecture shows a hopeful photovoltaic technology towards commercialization. (C) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.