Journal
MABS
Volume 11, Issue 4, Pages 621-631Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
DOI: 10.1080/19420862.2019.1596511
Keywords
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR); adaptor molecule; antibody; adoptive T cell therapy; universal CAR-T cells; immunological synapse; CAR-adaptor
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Funding
- international doctoral program i-Target - Elite Network of Bavaria
- Melanoma Research Alliance [N269626, 409510]
- Marie-Sklodowska-Curie Training Network for the Immunotherapy of Cancer (IMMUTRAIN) - H2020 program of the European Union
- Else Kroner-Fresenius-Stiftung
- German Cancer Aid
- Ernst-Jung-Stiftung
- Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung VIP+ grant ONKATTRACT
- European Research Council Starting Grant [756017]
- H2020 Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions
- European Research Council (ERC) [756017] Funding Source: European Research Council (ERC)
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Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-engineered T cells have a proven efficacy for the treatment of refractory hematological B cell malignancies. While often accompanied by side effects, CAR-T technology is getting more mature and will become an important treatment option for various tumor indications. In this review, we summarize emerging approaches that aim to further evolve CAR-T cell therapy based on combinations of so-called universal or modular CAR-(modCAR-)T cells, and their respective adaptor molecules (CAR-adaptors), which mediate the crosslinking between target and effector cells. The activity of such modCAR-T cells is entirely dependent on binding of the respective CAR-adaptor to both a tumor antigen and to the CAR-expressing T cell. Contrary to conventional CAR-T cells, where the immunological synapse is established by direct interaction of CAR and membrane-bound target, modCAR-T cells provide a highly flexible and customizable development of the CAR-T cell concept and offer an additional possibility to control T cell activity.
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