Journal
ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA
Volume 933, Issue -, Pages 196-206Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2016.05.035
Keywords
Colorimetric discrimination and detection; Gold nanoparticles; Organic acids; Bacteria; Assembly of gold nanoparticles
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Funding
- KETEP grant - Ministry of Trade, Industry, and Energy of the Korean government [20133030000300]
- NRF, South Korea [NRF-2012R1A1A1004697, NRF-2015R1A2A2A01007003]
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We present a plasmonic-based strategy for the colourimetric and spectroscopic differentiation of various organic acids produced by bacteria. The strategy is based on our discovery that particular concentrations of DL-lactic, acetic, and butyric acids induce different assembly structures, colours, and optical spectra of gold nanoparticles. We selected wild-type (K-12 W3110) and genetically-engineered (JHL61) Escherichia coli (E. coli) that are known to primarily produce acetic and butyric acid, respectively. Different assembly structures and optical properties of gold nanoparticles were observed when different organic acids, obtained after the removal of acid-producing bacteria, were mixed with gold nanoparticles. Moreover, at moderate cell concentrations of K-12 W3110 E. coli, which produce sufficient amounts of acetic acid to induce the assembly of gold nanoparticles, a direct estimate of the number of bacteria was possible based on time-course colour change observations of gold nanoparticle aqueous suspensions. The plasmonic-based colourimetric and spectroscopic methods described here may enable onsite testing for the identification of organic acids produced by bacteria and the estimation of bacterial numbers, which have applications in health and environmental sciences. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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