Gut microbiota in neurodegenerative disorders

Gut dysbiosis, a primary factor behind various gastrointestinal disorders may also augment lipopolysaccharides, pro-inflammatory cytokines, T helper cells and monocytes causing increased intestinal and BBB permeability via microbiota-gut-brain axis. Consequentially, accumulation of misfolded proteins, axonal damage and neuronal demyelination sets in, thus facilitating the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders like Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, multiple sclerosis and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Studies revealed that intake of probiotics may help in the integrity of intestinal and BBB thus ameliorating the above neurodegenerative disorders. This review summarizes the current understanding of the role of gut microbiota in neurodegenerative disorders and possible intervention strategies.