Journal
JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
Volume 29, Issue 1, Pages 105-113Publisher
KOREAN SOC MICROBIOLOGY & BIOTECHNOLOGY
DOI: 10.4014/jmb.1712.12026
Keywords
Root-associated fungi; siderophore; Zn2+; Penicillium commune
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Funding
- National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) - Korea government (Ministry of Science, ICT & Future Planning) [2017R1A2B1009738]
- National Research Foundation of Korea [2017R1A2B1009738] Funding Source: Korea Institute of Science & Technology Information (KISTI), National Science & Technology Information Service (NTIS)
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Although siderophore compounds are mainly biosynthesized as a response to iron deficiency in the environment, they also bind with other metals. A few studies have been conducted on the impact of heavy metals on the siderophore-mediated iron uptake by microbiome. Here, we investigated siderophore production by a variety of rhizosphere fungi under different concentrations of Zn2+ ion. These strains were specifically isolated from the rhizosphere of Panax ginseng (Korean ginseng). The siderophore production of isolated fungi was investigated with chrome azurol S (CAS) assay liquid media amended with different concentrations of Zn2+ (50 to 250 mu g/ml). The percentage of siderophore units was quantified using the ultra-violet (UV) irradiation method. The results indicated that high concentrations of Zn2+ ion increase the production of siderophore in iron-limited cultures. Maximum siderophore production by the fungal strains was detected at Zn2+ ion concentration of 150 mu g/ml except for Mortierella sp., which had the highest siderophore production at 200 mu g/ml. One potent siderophore-producing strain (Penicillium sp. JJHO) was strongly influenced by the presence of Zn2+ ions and showed high identity to P. commune (100% using 18S-rRNA sequencing). The purified siderophores of the Penicillium sp. JJHO strain were chemically identified using UV, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer (MALDI-TOF-MS) spectra.
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