Journal
ANAEROBE
Volume 41, Issue -, Pages 44-50Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2016.05.003
Keywords
Clostridium difficile; Secondary bile acids; Colonization resistance; Gut microbiota; Antibiotics
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Funding
- Ruth L. Kirschstein National Research Service Award Research Training grant by NIH [T32OD011130]
- Career Development Award in Metabolomics grant by the NIGMS of the NIH [K01GM109236]
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Clostridium difficile is an anaerobic, Gram positive, spore-forming bacillus that is the leading cause of nosocomial gastroenteritis. Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is associated with increasing morbidity and mortality, consequently posing an urgent threat to public health. Recurrence of CDI after successful treatment with antibiotics is high, thus necessitating discovery of novel therapeutics against this pathogen. Susceptibility to CDI is associated with alterations in the gut microbiota composition and bile acid metabolome, specifically a loss of microbial derived secondary bile acids. This review aims to summarize in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo studies done by our group and others that demonstrate how secondary bile acids affect the different stages of the C. difficile life cycle. Understanding the dynamic interplay of C difficile and microbial derived secondary bile acids within the gastrointestinal tract will shed light on how bile acids play a role in colonization resistance against C. difficile. Rational manipulation of secondary bile acids may prove beneficial as a treatment for patients with CDI. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
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