Journal
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION
Volume 16, Issue 11, Pages 3121-3130Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/ajt.13865
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Funding
- National Institutes of Health (NIH)/ National Center for Advancing Translational Science Colorado CTSA Clinical and Translational Sciences Award (CTSA) Grant [UL1 TR001082]
- International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation (ISHLT)
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Natural killer (NK) cells are key components of the innate immune system. In murine cardiac transplant models, donor-specific antibodies (DSA), in concert with NK cells, are sufficient to inflict chronic allograft vasculopathy independently of T and B cells. In this study, we aimed to determine the effector mechanism(s) required by NK cells to trigger chronic allograft vasculopathy during antibody-mediated rejection. Specifically, we tested the relative contribution of the proinflammatory cytokine interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) versus the contact-dependent cytotoxic mediators of perforin and the CD95/CD95L (Fas/Fas ligand [FasL]) pathway for triggering these lesions. C3H/HeJ cardiac allografts were transplanted into immune-deficient C57BL/6 rag(-/-) gamma c(-/-) recipients, who also received monoclonal anti-major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I DSA. The combination of DSA and wild-type NK cell transfer triggered aggressive chronic allograft vasculopathy. However, transfer of IFN-gamma-deficient NK cells or host IFN-gamma neutralization led to amelioration of these lesions. Use of either perforin-deficient NK cells or CD95 (Fas)-deficient donors alone did not alter development of vasculopathy, but simultaneous disruption of NK cell-derived perforin and allograft Fas expression resulted in prevention of these abnormalities. Therefore, both NK cell IFN-gamma production and contact-dependent cytotoxic activity are rate-limiting effector pathways that contribute to this form of antibody-induced chronic allograft vasculopathy.
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