A Review on Bioactive Peptides: Physiological Functions, Bioavailability and Safety

Bioactive peptides can be defined as isolated small fragments of proteins which provide some physiological health benefits. They act as potential modifiers reducing the risk of many chronic diseases. To the best of our knowledge, limited literature is available for the methods of isolation of these peptides from different protein sources with their in vitro and vivo physiological effects. Also, there is a need to adopt healthy lifestyle choices for prevention of diseases, to counter increase in consumption of functional foods and nutraceuticals day-by-day. Thus, these peptides play a major role in the development of various functional foods. In the present study, attempts are made to review different physiological effects from peptides. Also, effects of processing on the peptides are discussed with special emphasis on its bioavailability, safety and future application for further development.