Journal
FOOD CHEMISTRY
Volume 290, Issue -, Pages 295-307Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.03.135
Keywords
Ethiopia; Coffee origin; X-ray fluorescence spectrometry; Multi-elements; Stable isotope ratio
Funding
- VLIR-UOS Institutional University Cooperation with Jimma University, Ethiopia
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To test the potential of different analytical tools to determine the geographical origin of Ethiopian coffee, 103 green arabica coffee samples from four coffee regions in Ethiopia were subjected to multi-elements and delta C-13, delta N-1(5) and delta O-18 determinations. Multi-elements were determined by using inductively coupled plasma (ICP)- and X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF)-based techniques, and delta C-13, delta N-1(5) and delta O-18 were determined by using elemental analyzer-isotope ratio mass spectrometry. Using linear discriminant analysis, XRF-based multi-elements with and without delta C-13 appeared to be most effective in discriminating the geographical origin of coffee, giving higher classification accuracy (89 and 86%, respectively) than ICP-based multi-elements with and without stable isotopes (80%, each). These results demonstrate the potential of XRF-based multi-element profiling as a relatively fast and low-cost tool to trace the geographical origin of Ethiopian coffee. All together this study offers the proof of concept for a promising method that, upon standardization, could be used for coffee provenance authentication and fraud detection.
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