Journal
ECOLOGY
Volume 100, Issue 4, Pages -Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/ecy.2634
Keywords
Andropogon gerardii; biodiversity; dominant species; ecosystem function; environmental conditions; functional traits; phylogenetic diversity; restoration; tallgrass prairie; taxonomic diversity
Categories
Funding
- W. K. Kellogg Biological Station
- National Science Foundation (NSF) Graduate Research Fellowship Program [DGE1424871]
- NSF Division of Environmental Biology Grant [1552197]
- U.S. Department of Agriculture National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2013-67011-21281]
- Direct For Biological Sciences
- Division Of Environmental Biology [1552197] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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There is strong evidence for a positive relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning at local spatial scales. However, how different aspects of biodiversity relate to multiple ecosystem functions (multifunctionality) across heterogeneous landscapes, and how the magnitude of biodiversity, dominant species, and environmental effects on functioning compare, remain poorly understood. We compared relationships between plant phylogenetic, functional, and taxonomic diversity and ecosystem multifunctionality across 29 restored grasslands. Functional diversity was positively associated with multifunctionality, more strongly than other diversity measures; however, landscape composition explained nearly four times more variation in multifunctionality than did functional diversity, with plots within human-modified landscapes supporting lower multifunctionality. Individual functions were typically more strongly correlated with environmental variables than with diversity. We also found that abundance of the dominant species, Andropogon gerardii, was positively correlated with multifunctionality. Plant diversity, dominant species, and underlying environmental conditions underpin ecosystem multifunctionality in grasslands, but how biodiversity is measured matters for the strength and direction of biodiversity-ecosystem function relationships. Finally, in natural systems environmental variation unrelated to local biodiversity is important for determining ecosystem functioning.
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