Journal
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PERINATOLOGY
Volume 33, Issue 14, Pages 1337-1356Publisher
THIEME MEDICAL PUBL INC
DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1582397
Keywords
preeclampsia; inflammation; pregnancy outcome; cytokines; chemokines; toll-like receptor; diabetes
Categories
Funding
- Scott, Sherwood and Brindley Foundation
- Children's Miracle Network Fund [N7854SRES]
- Scott & White Healthcare
- Scott & White Research & Education Division, Temple, Texas
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Background Normal pregnancy relies on a careful balance between immune tolerance and suppression. It is known that strict regulation of maternal immune function, in addition to components of inflammation, is paramount to successful pregnancy, and any imbalance between proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines can lead to aberrant inflammation, often seen in complicated pregnancies. Inflammation in complicated pregnancies is directly associated with increased mortality and morbidity of the mother and offspring. Aberrant inflammatory reactions in complicated pregnancies often lead to adverse outcomes, such as spontaneous abortion, preterm labor, intrauterine growth restriction, and fetal demise. The role of inflammation in different stages of normal pregnancy is reviewed, compared, and contrasted with aberrant inflammation in complicated pregnancies. The complications addressed are preterm labor, pregnancy loss, infection, preeclampsia, maternal obesity, gestational diabetes mellitus, autoimmune diseases, and inflammatory bowel disease. Aim This article examines the role of various inflammatory factors contributing to aberrant inflammation in complicated pregnancies. By understanding the aberrant inflammatory process in complicated pregnancies, novel diagnostic tools and therapeutic interventions for modulating it appropriately can be identified.
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