Journal
ANTIVIRAL RESEARCH
Volume 163, Issue -, Pages 34-49Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2019.01.007
Keywords
Hepatitis E virus; Ribavirin; Cell culture; Therapy; Viral genomes; cDNA clones; Animal models
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Funding
- German Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) through a GINAICO [16GW0105]
- Boehringer Ingelheim Foundation
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Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is the causative agent of hepatitis E in humans and is the leading cause of enterically-transmitted viral hepatitis worldwide. Increasing numbers of HEV infections, together with no available specific anti-HEV treatment, contributes to the pathogen's major health burden. A robust cell culture system is required for virologic studies and the development of new antiviral drugs. Unfortunately, like other hepatitis viruses, HEV is difficult to propagate in conventional cell lines. Many different cell culture systems have been tested using various HEV strains, but viral replication usually progresses very slowly, and infection with low virion counts results in non-productive HEV replication. However, recent progress involving generation of cDNA clones and passaging primary patient isolates in distinct cell lines has improved in vitro HEV propagation. This review describes various approaches to cultivate HEV in cellular and animal models and how these systems are used to study HEV infections and evaluate anti-HEV drug candidates.
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