Fundamentals of smart manufacturing: A multi-thread perspective

The paper outlines key characteristics of smart manufacturing, data-driven, networked, connected, resource sharing, resilient, and sustainable. Manufacturing resiliency and sustainability have received limited attention in the literature and they are the focus of this paper. Both are related and offer challenges that may become differentiators of smart manufacturing. Resiliency provides businesses with defenses against natural and human caused adversities. The list of attributes provided in the paper is intended for comprehensive assessment of manufacturing resiliency. Solutions are needed to make businesses more resilient and sustainable. Research on business models equating sustainability with an industrial activity is suggested. A scheme for labeling environmental friendliness of materials makes as a token contribution to sustainability. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.