Journal
ANNUAL REVIEW OF PHYSIOLOGY, VOL 81
Volume 81, Issue -, Pages 309-333Publisher
ANNUAL REVIEWS
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-physiol-020518-114605
Keywords
biomarkers; acute kidney injury; AKI; chronic kidney disease; CKD; kidney
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Funding
- NHLBI NIH HHS [R01 HL085757] Funding Source: Medline
- NIDDK NIH HHS [UG3 DK114866, U01 DK106962, U01 DK082185] Funding Source: Medline
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The current unidimensional paradigm of kidney disease detection is incompatible with the complexity and heterogeneity of renal pathology. The diagnosis of kidney disease has largely focused on glomerular filtration, while assessment of kidney tubular health has notably been absent. Following insult, the kidney tubular cells undergo a cascade of cellular responses that result in the production and accumulation of low-molecular-weight proteins in the urine and systemic circulation. Modern advancements in molecular analysis and proteomics have allowed the identification and quantification of these proteins as biomarkers for assessing and characterizing kidney diseases. In this review, we highlight promising biomarkers of kidney tubular health that have strong underpinnings in the pathophysiology of kidney disease. These biomarkers have been applied to various specific clinical settings from the spectrum of acute to chronic kidney diseases, demonstrating the potential to improve patient care.
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