Journal
ANALYTICAL SCIENCES
Volume 35, Issue 2, Pages 207-214Publisher
JAPAN SOC ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
DOI: 10.2116/analsci.18P384
Keywords
Cyanobacteria; freshwater systems; microcystin-LR (MC-LR); plant-derived antibody; immunoextraction; sol-gel material
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Funding
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) [KN348/16-1]
- Austrian Science Fund FWF [I1103]
- Austrian Science Fund (FWF) [I1103] Funding Source: Austrian Science Fund (FWF)
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Eutrophication of water bodies can promote cyanobacterial (blue-green algae) blooms, which has become a source of increasing concern for both recreational and drinking water use. Many bacterial species can produce toxins that pose threats to wildlife, domestic animals and humans. Microcystin-leucine-arginine (MC-LR) is the most frequent and most toxic microcystin congener. For the first time, lab-scale investigations were performed to test the application of a recombinant plant-derived anti-MC-LR antibody immobilized on an immunoaffinity support material to selectively extract the toxin from spiked freshwater samples. As a comparison, its hybridoma-derived counterpart (murine monoclonal antibody) was evaluated. The antibody-doped material was prepared via an optimized sol-gel process; its stability and binding efficiency of MC-LR in spiked freshwater samples were thoroughly tested using the ELISA and orthogonal LC-MS methods. For removal, two column-based procedures with sequential or continuous cyclic sample addition and a suspension mode (moving adsorbent) were tested. Noteworthy the results obtained with a crude antibody fraction were fully compatible with the highly purified preparation. This study paves the way for further investigation being focused on novel applications of plant-derived anti-MC-LR antibodies in bioremediation to selectively deplete the toxin from freshwater: a green and promising technology without secondary pollution.
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