Journal
ADVANCED MATERIALS
Volume 31, Issue 18, Pages -Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/adma.201808027
Keywords
adsorption; boron-selective adsorbents; porous aromatic frameworks; water purification
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Funding
- U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-SC0001015]
- Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory under U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
- National Science Foundation
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This study demonstrates that functionalized, highly porous polymers are promising for the adsorptive capture of boric acid, a neutral contaminant that is difficult to remove from seawater using conventional reverse osmosis membranes. Appending N-methyl-D-glucamine (NMDG) to the pore walls of highsurface-area porous aromatic frameworks (PAFs) yields the adsorbents PAF-1-NMDG and P2-NMDG in a simple two-step synthesis. The boron-selective PAFs demonstrate adsorption capacities that are up to 70% higher than those of a commercial boron-selective resin, Amberlite IRA743, and markedly faster adsorption rates, owing to their higher NMDG loadings and greater porosities relative to the resin. Remarkably, PAF-1-NMDG is able to reduce the boron concentration in synthetic seawater from 2.91 to <0.5 ppm in less than 3 min at an adsorbent loading of only 0.3 mg mL(-1). The boron adsorption rate constants of both frameworks, determined via a pseudo-second-order rate model, represent the highest values reported in the literature-in most cases orders of magnitude higher than those of other boron-selective adsorbents. The frameworks can also be readily regenerated via mild acid/base treatment and maintain constant boron adsorption capacities for at least 10 regeneration cycles. These results highlight the numerous advantages of PAFs over traditional porous polymers in water treatment applications.
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