Journal
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
Volume 11, Issue 8, Pages 7715-7724Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b19482
Keywords
host-guest; self-assembly; PEDOT; electroconductive hydrogel; 3D cell culture
Funding
- China Scholarship Council
- German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) [03Z2EN12, 03Z2E511]
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The study of cells responding to an electroconductive environment is impeded by the lack of a method, which would allow the encapsulation of cells in an extracellular matrix-like 3D electroactive matrix, and more challengingly, permit a simple mechanism to release cells for further characterization. Herein, we report a polysaccharide based conductive hydrogel system formed via a beta-cyclodextrin-adamantane host guest interaction. Oxidative polymerization of 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) in the presence of adamantyl-modified sulfated alginate (S-Alg-Ad) results in bio-electroconductive polymer PEDOT:S-Alg-Ad, which can form hydrogel with poly-beta-cyclodextrin (P beta-CD). The PEDOT:S-Alg-Ad/P beta-CD hydrogels can be tuned on aspects of mechanical and electrical properties, exhibit self-healing feature, and are injectable. Electron microscopy suggested that the difference in stiffness and conductivity is associated with the nacre-like layered nanostructures when different sizes of PEDOT:S-Alg-Ad nanoparticles were used. Myoblast C2C12 cells were encapsulated in the conductive hydrogel and exhibited proliferation rate comparable to that in nonconductive S-Alg-Ad/P beta-CD hydrogel. The cells could be released from the hydrogels by adding the beta-CD monomer. Astonishingly, the conductive hydrogel can dramatically promote myotube-like structure formation, which is not in the non-electroconductive hydrogel. The ability to embed and release cells in an electroconductive environment will open new doors for cell culture and tissue engineering.
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