Journal
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
Volume 26, Issue 48, Pages 8885-8902Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201603826
Keywords
assembly; functionalization; hierarchical structures; mesoscopic scale; silk
Categories
Funding
- 111 Project [B16029]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [21404087, U1405226]
- Fujian Provincial Department of Science Technology [2014H6022, 2015J05109]
- Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province [2015A030310007]
- 1000 Talents Program, and President Foundation from Xiamen University [20720160088, 20720150218]
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Silk fibers spun by silkworms or spiders at ambient temperature display unique mechanical strength, excellent biocompatibility and optical transparency, which offer unconventional interfaces to soft and curved biological systems. In comparison with conventional materials, the performance of soft matter, i.e., animal silks, is mainly determined by the structure at the mesoscale. To further extend the applications, functionalization of silk materials becomes is required, and mesoscopic material assembly (MMA) was developed for this task. This feature article provides an overview on the principles and strategies concerning MMA, and some typical examples of functionalizing silk fibroin materials. The main strategies of MMA include in vivo and in vitro assemblies, and can be implemented by the three different paths: (1) molecular recognition, (2) surface functionalization of nanomaterials, or (3) foreign molecule mediation. The cases include the functionalization of silk fibroin materials by one/two-photon fluorescent molecules, quantum dots (QDs) and gold clusters, etc. The applications of these functionalized materials in bio waveguide, white-light-emitting devices, bioimaging, were also highlighted. MMA provides a practical tool for the production of the functionalized biocompatible materials, which can be further applied to fabricate high-performance bio integrated devices used in consumer electronics, and biomedical diagnosis, as well as human-machine interfaces.
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