Validity of a Novel Point-of-Care Troponin Assay for Single-Test Rule-Out of Acute Myocardial Infarction

IMPORTANCE Emergency department (ED) investigations of patients with suspected acute myocardial infarction (AMI) are time consuming, partly because of the turnaround time of laboratory tests. Current point-of-care troponin assays shorten test turnaround times but lack precision at lower concentrations. Development of point-of-care troponin assays with greater analytical precision could reduce the decision-making time in EDs for ruling out AMI. OBJECTIVE To determine the clinical accuracy for AMI of a single troponin concentration measured on arrival to ED with a new-generation, higher precision point-of-care assay with a 15-minute turnaround time. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This observational study occurred at a single urban regional ED. Adults presenting acutely from the community to the ED with symptoms suggestive of AMI were included. Troponin concentrations were measured on ED arrival with both a novel point-of-care assay (i-STAT Tnl-Nx; Abbott Point of Care) and a high-sensitivity troponin I assay (Architect hs-cTnl; Abbott Diagnostics). MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The primary outcome was type 1 AMI during index presentation. We compared the discrimination ability of the Tnl-Nx assay with the hs-cTnl assay using the area under receiver operator characteristic curve (AUC) and sensitivity, negative predictive value, and the proportion of negative test results at thresholds with 100% sensitivity. RESULTS Of 354 patients (255 [72.0%] men; mean [SD] age. 62 [12] years), 57 (16.1%) experienced an AMI. Eighty-five patients (24.0%) presented to the ED less than 3 hours after symptom onset. No difference was found between the AUC of the Tnl-Nx assay (0.975 [95% CI, 0.958-0.993]) and the hs-cTnl assay (0.970 [95% CI, 0.949 to 0.990]; P = .46). A Tnl-Nx assay result of less than 11 ng/L identified 201 patients (56.7%) as low risk, with a sensitivity of 100% (95% CI, 93.7%-100%) and a negative predictive value of 100% (95% CI, 98.2%-100%). In comparison, an hs-cTnl assay result of less than 3 ng/L identified 154 patients (415%) as low risk, with a sensitivity of 100% (95% CI, 933%100%) and a negative predictive value of 100% (95% CI, 976%-100%). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE A novel point-of-care troponin assay that can produce a result 15 minutes after blood sampling had comparable discrimination ability to an hs-cTnl assay for ruling out AMI after a single blood test. Use in the ED may facilitate earlier decision making and could expedite the safe discharge of a large proportion of low-risk patients.