Journal
NATURE REVIEWS MATERIALS
Volume 3, Issue 10, Pages 392-414Publisher
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/s41578-018-0040-9
Keywords
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Funding
- European Union H2020 Graphene Project
- European Research Council (ERC) Grant Hetero2D
- Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) [EP/509 K01711X/1, EP/K017144/1, EP/N010345/1, EP/M507799/5101, EP/L016087/1]
- EPSRC [EP/K017144/1, EP/M507799/1, EP/K01711X/1] Funding Source: UKRI
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Graphene is an ideal material for optoelectronic applications. Its photonic properties give several advantages and complementarities over Si photonics. For example, graphene enables both electro-absorption and electro-refraction modulation with an electro-optical index change exceeding 10(-3). It can be used for optical add-drop multiplexing with voltage control, eliminating the current dissipation used for the thermal detuning of microresonators, and for thermoelectric-based ultrafast optical detectors that generate a voltage without transimpedance amplifiers. Here, we present our vision for graphene-based integrated photonics. We review graphene-based transceivers and compare them with existing technologies. Strategies for improving power consumption, manufacturability and wafer-scale integration are addressed. We outline a roadmap of the technological requirements to meet the demands of the datacom and telecom markets. We show that graphene-based integrated photonics could enable ultrahigh spatial bandwidth density, low power consumption for board connectivity and connectivity between data centres, access networks and metropolitan, core, regional and long-haul optical communications.
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