Journal
ACS SENSORS
Volume 3, Issue 12, Pages 2637-2643Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.8b01047
Keywords
exosome; lung cancer; protein; surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy; principal component analysis
Funding
- Korea Health Technology R&D Project through the Korea Health Industry Development Institute (KHIDI) - Ministry of Health and Welfare, Republic of Korea [HR14C-0007-060018]
- Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) - Ministry of Education [NRF-2017R1E1A1A01075147]
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Exosomes, which are nanovesicles secreted by cells, are promising biomarkers for cancer diagnosis and prognosis, based on their specific surface protein compositions. Here, we demonstrate the correlation of nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell-derived exosomes and potential protein markers by unique Raman scattering profiles and principal component analysis (PCA) for cancer diagnosis. On the basis of surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) signals of exosomes from normal and NSCLC cells, we extracted Raman patterns of cancerous exosomes by PCA and clarified specific patterns as unique peaks through quantitative analysis with ratiometric mixtures of cancerous and normal exosomes. The unique peaks correlated well with cancerous exosome ratio (R-2 > 90%) as the unique Raman band of NSCLC exosome. To examine the origin of the unique peaks, we compared these unique peaks with characteristic Raman bands of several exosomal protein markers (CD9, CD81, EpCAM, and EGFR). EGFR had 1.97-fold similarity in Raman profiles than other markers, and it showed dominant expression against the cancerous exosomes in an immunoblotting result. We expect that these results will contribute to studies on exosomal surface protein markers for diagnosis of cancers.
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