Journal
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
Volume 26, Issue 2, Pages 165-180Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201503405
Keywords
conductive inks; energy storage; flexible electronics; pen-based writing; wearable biomedical monitoring
Categories
Funding
- International Science & Technology Cooperation Program of China [2013DFG02930]
- Key Program for International S&T Cooperation Projects of Shaanxi [2014KW12-01]
- National Key Scientific Apparatus Development of Special Item [2013YQ190467]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [11372243, 11522219, 11532009, 21105079]
- University Malaya High Impact Research Grant from Ministry of Education Malaysia [UM.C/HIR/HOHE/ENG/44]
- Science and Technology Research and Development Program supported by Shaanxi Province of China [2012K08-18]
- Scientific Research Foundation for the Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars by State Education Ministry of China
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China
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The emerging demand for cost-effective, easily accessible, and rapid prototyping electronics fabrication calls for novel techniques to design and manufacture electronic components and devices for wearable functional sensing, on-skin medical monitoring, and body-worn energy conversion. Inspired by daily hand-writing, innovative and ubiquitously available pens can be employed to write conductive patterns on multiple substrates; such a low-cost, fast, and user-friendly direct writing paradigm has recently aroused remarkable research interest as a promising electronics prototyping strategy. In this review, state-of-art advances in techniques for direct writing of electronics are presented, and pros and cons of each fabrication route are discussed. Emerging applications of pen-based writing electronics are also summarized. Based on these, final conclusions, limitations and challenges, as well as ongoing perspectives are illustrated.
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