Journal
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
Volume 9, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00813
Keywords
thyroid; graves' disease; nivolumab; immune checkpoint inhibitors; PD-1; autoimmune; hyperthyroidism; hypothyroidism
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In recent years, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) had a great impact in cancer therapy. ICIs display a peculiar toxicity profile, which is characterized by autoimmune-like manifestations against multiple organs, including endocrine glands. We hereby report the case history of two patients who experienced nivolumab-induced endocrine immuno-related adverse events (irAEs). Thyroid dysfunction in both patients presented with a low serum level of TSH. However, endocrine evaluation showed a completely different etiology and clinical evolution. The two patients' histories indicate that nivolumab can cause a large spectrum of thyroid and endocrine dysfunctions resulting in cumbersome diagnostic problems. In these peculiar patients the evaluation of endocrine experts is warranted.
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