Journal
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
Volume 12, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2018.00821
Keywords
heat shock proteins; neurodevelopment; neurite extension; cell migration; axon guidance; neurovascular unit
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Funding
- NIH [R01 EY020895]
- Rackham Graduate Student Research Grant
- National Eye Institute [P30 EY007003]
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Heat shock proteins (Hsps) are a large family of molecular chaperones that are well-known for their roles in protein maturation, re-folding and degradation. While some Hsps are constitutively expressed in certain regions, others are rapidly upregulated in the presence of stressful stimuli. Numerous stressors, including hyperthermia and hypoxia, can induce the expression of Hsps, which, in turn, interact with client proteins and co-chaperones to regulate cell growth and survival. Such interactions must be tightly regulated, especially at critical points during embryonic and postnatal development. Hsps exhibit specific patterns of expression consistent with a spatio-temporally regulated role in neurodevelopment. There is also growing evidence that Hsps may promote or inhibit neurodevelopment through specific pathways regulating cell differentiation, neurite outgrowth, cell migration, or angiogenesis. This review will examine the regulatory role that these individual chaperones may play in neurodevelopment, and will focus specifically on the signaling pathways involved in the maturation of neuronal and glial cells as well as the underlying vascular network.
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