Journal
ACS PHOTONICS
Volume 5, Issue 12, Pages 4969-4977Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsphotonics.8b01200
Keywords
black phosphorus; lithium hydride intercalated black phosphorus; in-plane anisotropy; nonlinear optical responses; Kerr nonlinearity
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Funding
- Australia Research Council [DP150102972]
- Midsized Centre's grant, National Research Foundation, Prime Minister's Office, Singapore
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Two-dimensional (2D) black phosphorus (BP) displays unique anisotropic properties in its linear optical responses, but its third-order nonlinearity (Kerr effect) has remained relatively unexplored. Here we measured the third-order nonlinear optical responses in exfoliated BP and in lithium hydride intercalated BP (LiH-BP) flakes using polarization-resolved microscopic femto-second Z-scan techniques. Strong optical Kerr nonlinearities were measured for single flakes of BP and LiH-BP, with third-order nonlinear susceptibilities that are larger than those for many 2D materials. The nonlinear coefficients of LiH-BP are higher than those of BP, indicating that lithium hydride intercalation enhances not only the ambient stability of BP but also its nonlinear optical response. Highly anisotropic polarization-dependent Kerr nonlinearities of both BP and LiH-BP flakes were observed. The strong nonlinear and anisotropic optical responses of BP and LiH-BP indicate the great potential of these materials in nonlinear photonics device applications.
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